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Defining Full Bodied Red Wines

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Full-bodied red wines are categorized by the mouth-coating density. And what are the biggest full-bodied red wines out there? By noticing a wine’s color and you can tell that darker wines tend to be bolder. This is because a large portion of the flavor comes from the skins of the grapes. As you may already know, some grapes have thicker skins than others.

Start by learning the 10 blackest grapes on the face of the planet. Then, understand techniques winemakers use to bring out the biggest, boldest flavors. AND FINALLY: Next time you’re on the search for a “Gorilla Punch” red wine, you’ll know exactly what to look for.

Top 10 Darkest Full-Bodied Red Wines in the World

  • Douro Reds

Indigenous grapes from the Douro including Touriga Franca and Touriga Nacional taste of fresh blueberries and violets.

  • Petite Sirah

High tannin and blackberry are prevalent flavors in the natural cross of Syrah and esoteric French variety Peloursin.

  • Mourvedre

Meaty flavors and black in color make this wine a popular selection to a small group of hardcore followers.

  • Shiraz

A marketing success for Australia in the late 1980’s, it worked because of Shiraz’s sweet tobacco finish

  • Syrah

Tasting of black olives to Red Velvet cake, Syrah hits your palate upfront and tapers off to the tingle of acidity.

  • Nero D’Avola

A value wine from Sicily tasting of licorice, black cherry and leather. Oak aging deepens and makes Nero D’Avola lush and opulent.

  • Malbec

Grown in high altitudes to increase acidity, this black-staining grape has blueberry and vanilla flavors when aged in oak.

  • Priorat

An area with extreme schist-rock soils that uses Grenache and Cabernet to make very inky, highly sought-after wines.

  • Cabernet Sauvignon

The classic full-bodied red wine from France that outputs pepper and cedar flavors along with loads of fruit

  • Merlot

When aged in American oak, merlot has higher tannin and savory tobacco flavors along with the classic taste of black cherry pie.
Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon are technically medium-colored wines because they are semi-transparent.

Other Factors That Make Full-Bodied Red Wines

You’re probably wondering why your favorite full-bodied Zinfandel wasn’t on the list above. And you’re right, there’s more to just thick skins that makes full-bodied red wines. Mouth feel, flavor, and structure are elements that go into making a full-bodied red wine. Some of these elements are physiological aspects of the grapes and some of them are produced with winemaking techniques. Below are the main elements, besides thickness of the skins that go into a full-bodied red wine.

Winemakers are more like alchemists than ninjas.

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Anatomy of a wine grape

The Pips Add Tannin

Besides the skins and a high skin-to-berry ratio, there’s also pips. Wine grapes are seedy. Ever drink a bottle of Barolo and feel it dry out your mouth? The seeds (pips) are loaded with tannin which is commonly referred to as structure. The pips in Nebbiolo grapes, which make Barolo, are very high in tannin. You can feel the tannin from pips towards the front of your mouth (whereas oak tannin is farther back on your palate).

What Winemakers Do To Make Full-Bodied Wines

Winemakers are more like alchemists than ninjas. They guide grapes into wine and only intervene when necessary. Still the winemaker’s choice of yeast will greatly affect the mouth feel and taste of the resulting wine. Additionally, what they do after the wine is fermented also affects the flavor.

Malolactic Fermentation After the wine is fermented, an additional fermentation called Malo-lactic fermentation (MLF) will increase the texture. MLF is basically just altering the type of acid in a wine. Malic acid is the same acid that is in apples. Lactic acid is smooth, like the creaminess of whole milk. Starting a malolactic fermentation involves a different kind of yeast that gobbles up malic acid and poops out lactic acid. If you want a rounder more creamy feeling wine, look for a wine that has undergone what winemakers sometimes call “Full malolactic conversion.”

Oak Aging

Oak aging not only adds tannin but it adds aroma compounds to wine including vanillin. Oak esters and tannin help balance out the harshness of a wine and add body. The newer the oak, the more it affects the wine. New oak barrels will often be ‘toasted’, which actually means torched with a fire. The torching caramelizes the oak and in some instances turns some of the oak to charcoal.

All of the chemical changes in toasted oak add different esters to a wine. How long the wine sits in oak also affects the resulting flavor and over a long time in oak wine will have a slightly increased alcohol level. If you like the bigger, bolder wines look for oak aging at 12+ months.

Higher Alcohol Feels ‘Richer’

Alcohol level adds to the viscosity of a wine. A wine higher in alcohol will feel weightier than a wine with lower alcohol. You can physically see the impression of alcohol level as you swirl wine in a glass. A wine with higher alcohol will have more viscous wine tears. Wines with 14%+ ABV feel richer.

A Spoonful of Sugar

Believe it or not it is common to leave a hint of residual sugar (RS) in a full-bodied dry red wine. Sugar, like alcohol, increases the viscosity of a wine. We’re not talking about a lot of sugar though, only up to about 3-4 grams per liter. In order to leave sugar in a wine the winemaker doesn’t add it, they simply stop the fermentation a little early by cooling down the yeasts and putting them to ‘sleep.’

 

 

By Madeline Puckette, WineFolly